ORAL AND MOUTH CANCER IN INDIA: RISK FACTORS, SYMPTOMS, AND TREATMENT
Oral cancer represents a significant health challenge in India, accounting for nearly 30 percent of all cancers in the country. This high prevalence is largely attributed to widespread tobacco and betel nut consumption. Despite being highly visible and accessible for examination, oral cancers are often diagnosed at advanced stages due to lack of awareness and delayed medical consultation. Understanding the risk factors, recognizing early symptoms, and seeking timely treatment can dramatically improve outcomes. Understanding Oral and Mouth Cancer Oral cancer, also called mouth cancer, includes cancers of the lips, tongue, cheeks, floor of the mouth, hard and soft palate, gums, and throat. These cancers typically begin as thin, flat cells called squamous cells that line the oral cavity. When these cells undergo malignant transformation, they form squamous cell carcinoma, which accounts for over 90 percent of oral cancers. The development of oral cancer is strongly linked to lifestyle hab...